Digital broadcasting system and method of processing data in digital broadcasting system

ABSTRACT

A digital broadcasting system and a data processing method are disclosed. The receiving system of the digital broadcasting system includes a baseband processor, a first handler, a second handler, and a storage unit. The baseband processor receives a broadcast signal including mobile service data and main service data. Herein, the mobile service data may configure an RS frame, and the RS frame may include the mobile service data and first signaling information of a first data type on the mobile service data. The first handler parses the first signaling information received from the RS frame, converts parsed data elements of the first data type to a second data type, and merges multiple identification information of the parsed first data type, thereby generating identification information of the second data type. The second handler receives second signaling information of the second data type on the mobile service data, the second signaling information including at least one fragment, uses the identification information of the second data type included in the first handler to search at least one fragment within the second signaling information, and maps data elements received through the searched fragment with the data elements converted to the second data type.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.12/198,057, filed Aug. 25, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,646,828, whichclaims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/957,714, filed on Aug. 24, 2007, U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 60/974,084, filed on Sep. 21, 2007, U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/977,379, filed on Oct. 4, 2007, U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application No. 61/044,504 filed on Apr. 13, 2008, U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/076,686, filed on Jun. 29, 2008,and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/079,121, filed on Jul. 8,2008 and also claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right ofpriority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-0082948, filed on Aug.25, 2008, the contents of which are all hereby incorporated by referenceherein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a digital broadcasting system and amethod of processing data in a digital broadcasting system fortransmitting and receiving digital broadcast signals.

2. Discussion of the Related Art

The Vestigial Sideband (VSB) transmission mode, which is adopted as thestandard for digital broadcasting in North America and the Republic ofKorea, is a system using a single carrier method. Therefore, thereceiving performance of the digital broadcast receiving system may bedeteriorated in a poor channel environment. Particularly, sinceresistance to changes in channels and noise is more highly required whenusing portable and/or mobile broadcast receivers, the receivingperformance may be even more deteriorated when transmitting mobileservice data by the VSB transmission mode.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a digitalbroadcasting system and a data processing method that are highlyresistant to channel changes and noise.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a digitalbroadcasting system and a data processing method that can receive andprocess both signaling information of a first data type and signalinginformation of a second data type.

To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with thepurpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, areceiving system includes a baseband processor, a first handler, asecond handler, and a storage unit. The baseband processor receives abroadcast signal including mobile service data and main service data.Herein, the mobile service data may configure a Reed-Solomon (RS) frame,and the RS frame may include mobile service data and first signalinginformation of a first data type on the mobile service data. The firsthandler receives the first signaling information from the RS frame andparses the received first signaling information, converts parsed dataelements of the first data type to a second data type, and mergesmultiple identification information of the parsed first data type,thereby generating identification information of the second data type.

The second handler receives second signaling information of the seconddata type on the mobile service data. Herein, the second signalinginformation may include at least one fragment. The second handler alsouses the identification information of the second data type included inthe first handler to search at least one fragment within the secondsignaling information. Then, the second handler maps data elementsreceived through the searched fragment with the data elements convertedto the second data type. The storage unit stores at least any one of thedata elements of the second data type mapped by the second handler withthe data elements of the first data type included in the first handler.

Herein, the first data type may correspond to a binary type, and thesecond data type may correspond to an XML type. Also, the firstsignaling information may correspond to a service map table (SMT), andthe second signaling information may correspond to a service guide (SG).The first handler may merge a transport_stream_identifier(transport_stream_id) and a service identifier (service_id) providedthrough the SMT and may convert the merged identifiers to an anyURIformat, thereby generating first service identification information ofthe second data type. And, the first handler may merge atransport_stream_identifier (transport_stream_id) and anevent_identifier (event_id) and may convert the merged identifiers to ananyURI format, thereby generating first event_identification informationof the second data type.

The second handler may search for a service fragment of the SG by usingthe first service identification information, and when data elementsreceived through the searched service fragment overlap with dataelements received through the SMT and converted to a second data typeformat, the second handler may replace the data elements receivedthrough the searched service fragment with the data elements receivedthrough the SMT and converted to a second data type format. Also, thesecond handler may search for an access fragment referring to a servicefragment of the SG including the first service identificationinformation, and when data elements received through the searched accessfragment overlap with data elements received through the SMT andconverted to a second data type format, the second handler may replacethe data elements received through the searched access fragment with thedata elements received through the SMT and converted to a second datatype format.

Additionally, the second handler may search for a content fragment ofthe SG by using first ensemble identification information, and when dataelements received through the searched content fragment overlap withdata elements received through the SMT and converted to a second datatype format, the second handler may replace the data elements receivedthrough the searched access fragment with the data elements receivedthrough the SMT and converted to a second data type format. Furthermore,the second handler may search for a schedule fragment referring to aservice fragment of the SG including the first service identificationinformation and a content fragment of the SG including first eventidentification information, and when data elements received through thesearched schedule fragment overlap with data elements received throughthe SMT and converted to a second data type format, the second handlermay replace the data elements received through the searched schedulefragment with the data elements received through the SMT and convertedto a second data type format.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method for processing datain a receiving system includes the steps of: receiving a broadcastsignal including mobile service data and main service data, wherein themobile service data configure a Reed-Solomon (RS) frame, wherein the RSframe includes mobile service data and first signaling information of afirst data type on the mobile service data, receiving the firstsignaling information from the RS frame and parsing the received firstsignaling information, converting parsed data elements of the first datatype to a second data type, and merging multiple identificationinformation of the parsed first data type, thereby generatingidentification information of the second data type, receiving secondsignaling information of the second data type on the mobile servicedata, wherein the second signaling information includes at least onefragment, using the identification information of the second data typeincluded in the first handler to search at least one fragment within thesecond signaling information, and mapping data elements received throughthe searched fragment with the data elements converted to the seconddata type, and storing at least any one of the data elements of thesecond data type mapped with the data elements of the first data type inthe step of mapping data elements.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention may berealized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in thewritten description as well as the appended drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram showing a general structure of adigital broadcasting receiving system according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structure of a data group according tothe present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates an RS frame according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an MH frame structure for transmittingand receiving mobile service data according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a general VSB frame structure;

FIG. 6 illustrates a example of mapping positions of the first 4 slotsof a sub-frame in a spatial area with respect to a VSB frame;

FIG. 7 illustrates a example of mapping positions of the first 4 slotsof a sub-frame in a chronological (or time) area with respect to a VSBframe;

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary order of data groups being assigned toone of 5 sub-frames configuring an MH frame according to the presentinvention;

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a single parade being assigned to an MHframe according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of 3 parades being assigned to an MHframe according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of the process of assigning 3 paradesshown in FIG. 10 being expanded to 5 sub-frames within an MH frame;

FIG. 12 illustrates a data transmission structure according to anembodiment of the present invention, wherein signaling data are includedin a data group so as to be transmitted;

FIG. 13 illustrates a hierarchical signaling structure according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary FIC body format according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to an FIC segment according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to a payload of an FIC segment according to the presentinvention, when an FIC type field value is equal to ‘0’;

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of aservice map table according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHaudio descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHRTP payload type descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHcurrent event descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 21 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHnext event descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHsystem time descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 23 illustrates segmentation and encapsulation processes of aservice map table according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 illustrates a flow chart for accessing a virtual channel usingFIC and SMT according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 illustrates a structure of service guide information;

FIG. 26 illustrates a block showing an exemplary structure of thedigital broadcast receiving system required for mapping signalinginformation of an SMT and signaling information of an SG;

FIG. 27 illustrates a conceptual view showing the process steps formerging identification information of a binary type SMT, converting thebinary type SMT to an XML type SMT, and searching for SG fragments;

FIG. 28 illustrates exemplary process steps for mergingtransport_stream_id and service_id of the binary type SMT and convertingthe merged fields to an anyURI type field according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 29 illustrates exemplary process steps for mergingtransport_stream_id and event_id of the binary type SMT and convertingthe merged fields to an anyURI type field according to an embodiment ofthe present invention; and

FIG. 30 illustrates a flow chart showing the process steps of a methodfor mapping signaling information of an SG by using identificationinformation of an XML type SMT according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of thepresent invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings.

Definition of the Terms Used in the Present Invention

In addition, although the terms used in the present invention areselected from generally known and used terms, some of the termsmentioned in the description of the present invention have been selectedby the applicant at his or her discretion, the detailed meanings ofwhich are described in relevant parts of the description herein.Furthermore, it is required that the present invention is understood,not simply by the actual terms used but by the meaning of each termlying within.

Among the terms used in the description of the present invention, mainservice data correspond to data that can be received by a fixedreceiving system and may include audio/video (A/V) data. Morespecifically, the main service data may include A/V data of highdefinition (HD) or standard definition (SD) levels and may also includediverse data types required for data broadcasting. Also, the known datacorrespond to data pre-known in accordance with a pre-arranged agreementbetween the receiving system and the transmitting system.

Additionally, among the terms used in the present invention, “MH”corresponds to the initials of “mobile” and “handheld” and representsthe opposite concept of a fixed-type system. Furthermore, the MH servicedata may include at least one of mobile service data and handheldservice data, and will also be referred to as “mobile service data” forsimplicity. Herein, the mobile service data not only correspond to MHservice data but may also include any type of service data with mobileor portable characteristics. Therefore, the mobile service dataaccording to the present invention are not limited only to the MHservice data.

The above-described mobile service data may correspond to data havinginformation, such as program execution files, stock information, and soon, and may also correspond to A/V data. Most particularly, the mobileservice data may correspond to A/V data having lower resolution andlower data rate as compared to the main service data. For example, if anA/V codec that is used for a conventional main service corresponds to aMPEG-2 codec, a MPEG-4 advanced video coding (AVC) or scalable videocoding (SVC) having better image compression efficiency may be used asthe A/V codec for the mobile service. Furthermore, any type of data maybe transmitted as the mobile service data. For example, transportprotocol expert group (TPEG) data for broadcasting real-timetransportation information may be transmitted as the main service data.

Also, a data service using the mobile service data may include weatherforecast services, traffic information services, stock informationservices, viewer participation quiz programs, real-time polls andsurveys, interactive education broadcast programs, gaming services,services providing information on synopsis, character, background music,and filming sites of soap operas or series, services providinginformation on past match scores and player profiles and achievements,and services providing information on product information and programsclassified by service, medium, time, and theme enabling purchase ordersto be processed. Herein, the present invention is not limited only tothe services mentioned above.

In the present invention, the transmitting system provides backwardcompatibility in the main service data so as to be received by theconventional receiving system. Herein, the main service data and themobile service data are multiplexed to the same physical channel andthen transmitted.

Furthermore, the transmitting system according to the present inventionperforms additional encoding on the mobile service data and inserts thedata already known by the receiving system and transmitting system(e.g., known data), thereby transmitting the processed data.

Therefore, when using the transmitting system according to the presentinvention, the receiving system may receive the mobile service dataduring a mobile state and may also receive the mobile service data withstability despite various distortion and noise occurring within thechannel.

Receiving System

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram showing a general structure of areceiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.The receiving system according to the present invention includes abaseband processor 100, a management processor 200, and a presentationprocessor 300.

The baseband processor 100 includes an operation controller 110, a tuner120, a demodulator 130, an equalizer 140, a known sequence detector (orknown data detector) 150, a block decoder (or mobile handheld blockdecoder) 160, a primary Reed-Solomon (RS) frame decoder 170, a secondaryRS frame decoder 180, and a signaling decoder 190.

The operation controller 110 controls the operation of each blockincluded in the baseband processor 100.

By tuning the receiving system to a specific physical channel frequency,the tuner 120 enables the receiving system to receive main service data,which correspond to broadcast signals for fixed-type broadcast receivingsystems, and mobile service data, which correspond to broadcast signalsfor mobile broadcast receiving systems. At this point, the tunedfrequency of the specific physical channel is down-converted to anintermediate frequency (IF) signal, thereby being outputted to thedemodulator 130 and the known sequence detector 140. The passbanddigital IF signal being outputted from the tuner 120 may only includemain service data, or only include mobile service data, or include bothmain service data and mobile service data.

The demodulator 130 performs self-gain control, carrier recovery, andtiming recovery processes on the passband digital IF signal inputtedfrom the tuner 120, thereby translating the IF signal to a basebandsignal. Then, the demodulator 130 outputs the baseband signal to theequalizer 140 and the known sequence detector 150. The demodulator 130uses the known data symbol sequence inputted from the known sequencedetector 150 during the timing and/or carrier recovery, therebyenhancing the demodulating performance.

The equalizer 140 compensates channel-associated distortion included inthe signal demodulated by the demodulator 130. Then, the equalizer 140outputs the distortion-compensated signal to the block decoder 160. Byusing a known data symbol sequence inputted from the known sequencedetector 150, the equalizer 140 may enhance the equalizing performance.Furthermore, the equalizer 140 may receive feed-back on the decodingresult from the block decoder 160, thereby enhancing the equalizingperformance.

The known sequence detector 150 detects known data place (or position)inserted by the transmitting system from the input/output data (i.e.,data prior to being demodulated or data being processed with partialdemodulation). Then, the known sequence detector 150 outputs thedetected known data position information and known data sequencegenerated from the detected position information to the demodulator 130and the equalizer 140. Additionally, in order to allow the block decoder160 to identify the mobile service data that have been processed withadditional encoding by the transmitting system and the main service datathat have not been processed with any additional encoding, the knownsequence detector 150 outputs such corresponding information to theblock decoder 160.

If the data channel-equalized by the equalizer 140 and inputted to theblock decoder 160 correspond to data processed with both block-encodingand trellis-encoding by the transmitting system (i.e., data within theRS frame, signaling data), the block decoder 160 may performtrellis-decoding and block-decoding as inverse processes of thetransmitting system. On the other hand, if the data channel-equalized bythe equalizer 140 and inputted to the block decoder 160 correspond todata processed only with trellis-encoding and not block-encoding by thetransmitting system (i.e., main service data), the block decoder 160 mayperform only trellis-decoding.

The signaling decoder 190 decoded signaling data that have beenchannel-equalized and inputted from the equalizer 140. It is assumedthat the signaling data inputted to the signaling decoder 190 correspondto data processed with both block-encoding and trellis-encoding by thetransmitting system. Examples of such signaling data may includetransmission parameter channel (TPC) data and fast information channel(FIC) data. Each type of data will be described in more detail in alater process. The FIC data decoded by the signaling decoder 190 areoutputted to the FIC handler 215. And, the TPC data decoded by thesignaling decoder 190 are outputted to the TPC handler 214.

Meanwhile, according to the present invention, the transmitting systemuses RS frames by encoding units. Herein, the RS frame may be dividedinto a primary RS frame and a secondary RS frame. However, according tothe embodiment of the present invention, the primary RS frame and thesecondary RS frame will be divided based upon the level of importance ofthe corresponding data.

The primary RS frame decoder 170 receives the data outputted from theblock decoder 160. At this point, according to the embodiment of thepresent invention, the primary RS frame decoder 170 receives only themobile service data that have been Reed-Solomon (RS)-encoded and/orcyclic redundancy check (CRC)-encoded from the block decoder 160.Herein, the primary RS frame decoder 170 receives only the mobileservice data and not the main service data. The primary RS frame decoder170 performs inverse processes of an RS frame encoder (not shown)included in the transmitting system, thereby correcting errors existingwithin the primary RS frame. More specifically, the primary RS framedecoder 170 forms a primary RS frame by grouping a plurality of datagroups and, then, correct errors in primary RS frame units. In otherwords, the primary RS frame decoder 170 decodes primary RS frames, whichare being transmitted for actual broadcast services.

Additionally, the secondary RS frame decoder 180 receives the dataoutputted from the block decoder 160. At this point, according to theembodiment of the present invention, the secondary RS frame decoder 180receives only the mobile service data that have been RS-encoded and/orCRC-encoded from the block decoder 160. Herein, the secondary RS framedecoder 180 receives only the mobile service data and not the mainservice data. The secondary RS frame decoder 180 performs inverseprocesses of an RS frame encoder (not shown) included in thetransmitting system, thereby correcting errors existing within thesecondary RS frame. More specifically, the secondary RS frame decoder180 forms a secondary RS frame by grouping a plurality of data groupsand, then, correct errors in secondary RS frame units. In other words,the secondary RS frame decoder 180 decodes secondary RS frames, whichare being transmitted for mobile audio service data, mobile videoservice data, guide data, and so on.

Meanwhile, the management processor 200 according to an embodiment ofthe present invention includes an MH physical adaptation processor 210,an IP network stack 220, a streaming handler 230, a system information(SI) handler 240, a file handler 250, a multi-purpose internet mainextensions (MIME) type handler 260, and an electronic service guide(ESG) handler 270, and an ESG decoder 280, and a storage unit 290.

The MH physical adaptation processor 210 includes a primary RS framehandler 211, a secondary RS frame handler 212, an MH transport packet(TP) handler 213, a TPC handler 214, an FIC handler 215, and a physicaladaptation control signal handler 216.

The TPC handler 214 receives and processes baseband information requiredby modules corresponding to the MH physical adaptation processor 210.The baseband information is inputted in the form of TPC data. Herein,the TPC handler 214 uses this information to process the FIC data, whichhave been sent from the baseband processor 100.

The TPC data are transmitted from the transmitting system to thereceiving system via a predetermined region of a data group. The TPCdata may include at least one of an MH ensemble ID, an MH sub-framenumber, a total number of MH groups (TNoG), an RS frame continuitycounter, a column size of RS frame (N), and an FIC version number.

Herein, the MH ensemble ID indicates an identification number of each MHensemble carried in the corresponding channel.

The MH sub-frame number signifies a number identifying the MH sub-framenumber in an MH frame, wherein each MH group associated with thecorresponding MH ensemble is transmitted.

The TNoG represents the total number of MH groups including all of theMH groups belonging to all MH parades included in an MH sub-frame.

The RS frame continuity counter indicates a number that serves as acontinuity counter of the RS frames carrying the corresponding MHensemble. Herein, the value of the RS frame continuity counter shall beincremented by 1 modulo 16 for each successive RS frame.

N represents the column size of an RS frame belonging to thecorresponding MH ensemble. Herein, the value of N determines the size ofeach MH TP.

Finally, the FIC version number signifies the version number of an FICcarried on the corresponding physical channel.

As described above, diverse TPC data are inputted to the TPC handler 214via the signaling decoder 190 shown in FIG. 1. Then, the received TPCdata are processed by the TPC handler 214. The received TPC data mayalso be used by the FIC handler 215 in order to process the FIC data.

The FIC handler 215 processes the FIC data by associating the FIC datareceived from the baseband processor 100 with the TPC data.

The physical adaptation control signal handler 216 collects FIC datareceived through the FIC handler 215 and SI data received through RSframes. Then, the physical adaptation control signal handler 216 usesthe collected FIC data and SI data to configure and process IP datagramsand access information of mobile broadcast services. Thereafter, thephysical adaptation control signal handler 216 stores the processed IPdatagrams and access information to the storage unit 290.

The primary RS frame handler 211 identifies primary RS frames receivedfrom the primary RS frame decoder 170 of the baseband processor 100 foreach row unit, so as to configure an MH TP. Thereafter, the primary RSframe handler 211 outputs the configured MH TP to the MH TP handler 213.

The secondary RS frame handler 212 identifies secondary RS framesreceived from the secondary RS frame decoder 180 of the basebandprocessor 100 for each row unit, so as to configure an MH TP.Thereafter, the secondary RS frame handler 212 outputs the configured MHTP to the MH TP handler 213.

The MH transport packet (TP) handler 213 extracts a header from each MHTP received from the primary RS frame handler 211 and the secondary RSframe handler 212, thereby determining the data included in thecorresponding MH TP. Then, when the determined data correspond to SIdata (i.e., SI data that are not encapsulated to IP datagrams), thecorresponding data are outputted to the physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216. Alternatively, when the determined data correspondto an IP datagram, the corresponding data are outputted to the IPnetwork stack 220.

The IP network stack 220 processes broadcast data that are beingtransmitted in the form of IP datagrams. More specifically, the IPnetwork stack 220 processes data that are inputted via user datagramprotocol (UDP), real-time transport protocol (RTP), real-time transportcontrol protocol (RTCP), asynchronous layered coding/layered codingtransport (ALC/LCT), file delivery over unidirectional transport(FLUTE), and so on. Herein, when the processed data correspond tostreaming data, the corresponding data are outputted to the streaminghandler 230. And, when the processed data correspond to data in a fileformat, the corresponding data are outputted to the file handler 250.Finally, when the processed data correspond to SI-associated data, thecorresponding data are outputted to the SI handler 240.

The SI handler 240 receives and processes SI data having the form of IPdatagrams, which are inputted to the IP network stack 220.

When the inputted data associated with SI correspond to MIME-type data,the inputted data are outputted to the MIME-type handler 260.

The MIME-type handler 260 receives the MIME-type SI data outputted fromthe SI handler 240 and processes the received MIME-type SI data.

The file handler 250 receives data from the IP network stack 220 in anobject format in accordance with the ALC/LCT and FLUTE structures. Thefile handler 250 groups the received data to create a file format.Herein, when the corresponding file includes ESG, the file is outputtedto the ESG handler 270. On the other hand, when the corresponding fileincludes data for other file-based services, the file is outputted tothe presentation controller 330 of the presentation processor 300.

The ESG handler 270 processes the ESG data received from the filehandler 250 and stores the processed ESG data to the storage unit 290.Alternatively, the ESG handler 270 may output the processed ESG data tothe ESG decoder 280, thereby allowing the ESG data to be used by the ESGdecoder 280.

The storage unit 290 stores the system information (SI) received fromthe physical adaptation control signal handler 210 and the ESG handler270 therein. Thereafter, the storage unit 290 transmits the stored SIdata to each block.

The ESG decoder 280 either recovers the ESG data and SI data stored inthe storage unit 290 or recovers the ESG data transmitted from the ESGhandler 270. Then, the ESG decoder 280 outputs the recovered data to thepresentation controller 330 in a format that can be outputted to theuser.

The streaming handler 230 receives data from the IP network stack 220,wherein the format of the received data are in accordance with RTPand/or RTCP structures. The streaming handler 230 extracts audio/videostreams from the received data, which are then outputted to theaudio/video (A/V) decoder 310 of the presentation processor 300. Theaudio/video decoder 310 then decodes each of the audio stream and videostream received from the streaming handler 230.

The display module 320 of the presentation processor 300 receives audioand video signals respectively decoded by the A/V decoder 310. Then, thedisplay module 320 provides the received audio and video signals to theuser through a speaker and/or a screen.

The presentation controller 330 corresponds to a controller managingmodules that output data received by the receiving system to the user.

The channel service manager 340 manages an interface with the user,which enables the user to use channel-based broadcast services, such aschannel map management, channel service connection, and so on.

The application manager 350 manages an interface with a user using ESGdisplay or other application services that do not correspond tochannel-based services.

Data Format Structure

Meanwhile, the data structure used in the mobile broadcasting technologyaccording to the embodiment of the present invention may include a datagroup structure and an RS frame structure, which will now be describedin detail.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structure of a data group according tothe present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an example of dividing a data group according to the datastructure of the present invention into 10 MH blocks (i.e., MH block 1(B1) to MH block 10 (B10)). In this example, each MH block has thelength of 16 segments. Referring to FIG. 2, only the RS parity data areallocated to portions of the previous 5 segments of the MH block 1 (B1)and the next 5 segments of the MH block 10 (B10). The RS parity data areexcluded in regions A to D of the data group.

More specifically, when it is assumed that one data group is dividedinto regions A, B, C, and D, each MH block may be included in any one ofregion A to region D depending upon the characteristic of each MH blockwithin the data group. Herein, the data group is divided into aplurality of regions to be used for different purposes. Morespecifically, a region of the main service data having no interferenceor a very low interference level may be considered to have a moreresistant (or stronger) receiving performance as compared to regionshaving higher interference levels. Additionally, when using a systeminserting and transmitting known data in the data group, wherein theknown data are known based upon an agreement between the transmittingsystem and the receiving system, and when consecutively long known dataare to be periodically inserted in the mobile service data, the knowndata having a predetermined length may be periodically inserted in theregion having no interference from the main service data (i.e., a regionwherein the main service data are not mixed). However, due tointerference from the main service data, it is difficult to periodicallyinsert known data and also to insert consecutively long known data to aregion having interference from the main service data.

Referring to FIG. 2, MH block 4 (B4) to MH block 7 (B7) correspond toregions without interference of the main service data. MH block 4 (B4)to MH block 7 (B7) within the data group shown in FIG. 2 correspond to aregion where no interference from the main service data occurs. In thisexample, a long known data sequence is inserted at both the beginningand end of each MH block. In the description of the present invention,the region including MH block 4 (B4) to MH block 7 (B7) will be referredto as “region A (=B4+B5+B6+B7)”. As described above, when the data groupincludes region A having a long known data sequence inserted at both thebeginning and end of each MH block, the receiving system is capable ofperforming equalization by using the channel information that can beobtained from the known data. Therefore, the strongest equalizingperformance may be yielded (or obtained) from one of region A to regionD.

In the example of the data group shown in FIG. 2, MH block (B3) and MHblock 8 (B8) correspond to a region having little interference from themain service data. Herein, a long known data sequence is inserted inonly one side of each MH block B3 and B8. More specifically, due to theinterference from the main service data, a long known data sequence isinserted at the end of MH block 3 (B3), and another long known datasequence is inserted at the beginning of MH block 8 (B8). In the presentinvention, the region including MH block 3 (B3) and MH block 8 (B8) willbe referred to as “region B (=B3+B8)”. As described above, when the datagroup includes region B having a long known data sequence inserted atonly one side (beginning or end) of each MH block, the receiving systemis capable of performing equalization by using the channel informationthat can be obtained from the known data. Therefore, a strongerequalizing performance as compared to region C/D may be yielded (orobtained).

Referring to FIG. 2, MH block 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9) correspond to aregion having more interference from the main service data as comparedto region B. A long known data sequence cannot be inserted in any sideof MH block 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9). Herein, the region including MHblock 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9) will be referred to as “region C(=B2+B9)”.

Finally, in the example shown in FIG. 2, MH block 1 (B1) and MH block 10(B10) correspond to a region having more interference from the mainservice data as compared to region C. Similarly, a long known datasequence cannot be inserted in any side of MH block 1 (B1) and MH block10 (B10). Herein, the region including MH block 1 (B1) and MH block 10(B10) will be referred to as “region D (=B1+B10)”. Since region C/D isspaced further apart from the known data sequence, when the channelenvironment undergoes frequent and abrupt changes, the receivingperformance of region C/D may be deteriorated.

Additionally, the data group includes a signaling information areawherein signaling information is assigned (or allocated).

In the present invention, the signaling information area may start fromthe 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block (B4) to a portion of the2^(nd) segment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, thesignaling information area for inserting signaling information may startfrom the 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block (B4) to a portion of the2^(nd) segment.

More specifically, 276(=207+69) bytes of the 4^(th) MH block (B4) ineach data group are assigned as the signaling information area. In otherwords, the signaling information area consists of 207 bytes of the1^(st) segment and the first 69 bytes of the 2^(nd) segment of the4^(th) MH block (B4). The 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block (B4)corresponds to the 17^(th) or 173^(rd) segment of a VSB field.

Herein, the signaling information may be identified by two differenttypes of signaling channels: a transmission parameter channel (TPC) anda fast information channel (FIC).

Herein, the TPC data may include at least one of an MH ensemble ID, anMH sub-frame number, a total number of MH groups (TNoG), an RS framecontinuity counter, a column size of RS frame (N), and an FIC versionnumber. However, the TPC data (or information) presented herein aremerely exemplary. And, since the adding or deleting of signalinginformation included in the TPC data may be easily adjusted and modifiedby one skilled in the art, the present invention will, therefore, not belimited to the examples set forth herein. Furthermore, the FIC isprovided to enable a fast service acquisition of data receivers, and theFIC includes cross layer information between the physical layer and theupper layer(s).

For example, when the data group includes 6 known data sequences, asshown in FIG. 2, the signaling information area is located between thefirst known data sequence and the second known data sequence. Morespecifically, the first known data sequence is inserted in the last 2segments of the 3^(rd) MH block (B3), and the second known data sequencein inserted in the 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) segments of the 4^(th) MH block(B4). Furthermore, the 3^(rd) to 6^(th) known data sequences arerespectively inserted in the last 2 segments of each of the 4^(th),5^(th), 6^(th), and 7^(th) MH blocks (B4, B5, B6, and B7). The 1^(st)and 3^(rd) to 6^(th) known data sequences are spaced apart by 16segments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an RS frame according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

The RS frame shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to a collection of one or moredata groups. The RS frame is received for each MH frame in a conditionwhere the receiving system receives the FIC and processes the receivedFIC and where the receiving system is switched to a time-slicing mode sothat the receiving system can receive MH ensembles including ESG entrypoints. Each RS frame includes IP streams of each service or ESG, andSMT section data may exist in all RS frames.

The RS frame according to the embodiment of the present inventionconsists of at least one MH transport packet (TP). Herein, the MH TPincludes an MH header and an MH payload.

The MH payload may include mobile service data as well as signalingdata. More specifically, an MH payload may include only mobile servicedata, or may include only signaling data, or may include both mobileservice data and signaling data.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the MH header mayidentify (or distinguish) the data types included in the MH payload.More specifically, when the MH TP includes a first MH header, thisindicates that the MH payload includes only the signaling data. Also,when the MH TP includes a second MH header, this indicates that the MHpayload includes both the signaling data and the mobile service data.Finally, when MH TP includes a third MH header, this indicates that theMH payload includes only the mobile service data.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the RS frame is assigned with IPdatagrams (IP datagram 1 and IP datagram 2) for two service types.

Data Transmission Structure

FIG. 4 illustrates a structure of a MH frame for transmitting andreceiving mobile service data according to the present invention. In theexample shown in FIG. 4, one MH frame consists of 5 sub-frames, whereineach sub-frame includes 16 slots. In this case, the MH frame accordingto the present invention includes 5 sub-frames and 80 slots.

Also, in a packet level, one slot is configured of 156 data packets(i.e., transport stream packets), and in a symbol level, one slot isconfigured of 156 data segments. Herein, the size of one slotcorresponds to one half (½) of a VSB field. More specifically, since one207-byte data packet has the same amount of data as a data segment, adata packet prior to being interleaved may also be used as a datasegment. At this point, two VSB fields are grouped to form a VSB frame.

FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of a VSB frame, wherein oneVSB frame consists of 2 VSB fields (i.e., an odd field and an evenfield). Herein, each VSB field includes a field synchronization segmentand 312 data segments.

The slot corresponds to a basic time unit for multiplexing the mobileservice data and the main service data. Herein, one slot may eitherinclude the mobile service data or be configured only of the mainservice data.

If the first 118 data packets within the slot correspond to a datagroup, the remaining 38 data packets become the main service datapackets. In another example, when no data group exists in a slot, thecorresponding slot is configured of 156 main service data packets.

Meanwhile, when the slots are assigned to a VSB frame, an off-set existsfor each assigned position.

FIG. 6 illustrates a mapping example of the positions to which the first4 slots of a sub-frame are assigned with respect to a VSB frame in aspatial area. And, FIG. 7 illustrates a mapping example of the positionsto which the first 4 slots of a sub-frame are assigned with respect to aVSB frame in a chronological (or time) area.

Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a 38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) ofa 1^(st) slot (Slot #0) is mapped to the 1^(st) data packet of an oddVSB field. A 38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) of a 2^(nd) slot (Slot#1) is mapped to the 157^(th) data packet of an odd VSB field. Also, a38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) of a 3^(rd) slot (Slot #2) is mappedto the 1^(st) data packet of an even VSB field. And, a 38^(th) datapacket (TS packet #37) of a 4^(th) slot (Slot #3) is mapped to the157^(th) data packet of an even VSB field. Similarly, the remaining 12slots within the corresponding sub-frame are mapped in the subsequentVSB frames using the same method.

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary assignment order of data groups beingassigned to one of 5 sub-frames, wherein the 5 sub-frames configure anMH frame. For example, the method of assigning data groups may beidentically applied to all MH frames or differently applied to each MHframe. Furthermore, the method of assigning data groups may beidentically applied to all sub-frames or differently applied to eachsub-frame. At this point, when it is assumed that the data groups areassigned using the same method in all sub-frames of the corresponding MHframe, the total number of data groups being assigned to an MH frame isequal to a multiple of ‘5’.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality ofconsecutive data groups is assigned to be spaced as far apart from oneanother as possible within the sub-frame. Thus, the system can becapable of responding promptly and effectively to any burst error thatmay occur within a sub-frame.

For example, when it is assumed that 3 data groups are assigned to asub-frame, the data groups are assigned to a 1^(st) slot (Slot #0), a5^(th) slot (Slot #4), and a 9^(th) slot (Slot #8) in the sub-frame,respectively. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of assigning 16 data groupsin one sub-frame using the above-described pattern (or rule). In otherwords, each data group is serially assigned to 16 slots corresponding tothe following numbers: 0, 8, 4, 12, 1, 9, 5, 13, 2, 10, 6, 14, 3, 11, 7,and 15. Equation 1 below shows the above-described rule (or pattern) forassigning data groups in a sub-frame.j=(4i+0)mod 16  Equation 1

-   -   0=0 if i<4,    -   0=2 else if i<8,

Herein,

-   -   0=1 else if i<12,    -   0=3 else.

Herein, j indicates the slot number within a sub-frame. The value of jmay range from 0 to 15 (i.e., 0≦j≦15). Also, variable i indicates thedata group number. The value of i may range from 0 to 15 (i.e., 0≦i≦15).

In the present invention, a collection of data groups included in a MHframe will be referred to as a “parade”. Based upon the RS frame mode,the parade transmits data of at least one specific RS frame.

The mobile service data within one RS frame may be assigned either toall of regions A/B/C/D within the corresponding data group, or to atleast one of regions A/B/C/D. In the embodiment of the presentinvention, the mobile service data within one RS frame may be assignedeither to all of regions A/B/C/D, or to at least one of regions A/B andregions C/D. If the mobile service data are assigned to the latter case(i.e., one of regions A/B and regions C/D), the RS frame being assignedto regions A/B and the RS frame being assigned to regions C/D within thecorresponding data group are different from one another. According tothe embodiment of the present invention, the RS frame being assigned toregions A/B within the corresponding data group will be referred to as a“primary RS frame”, and the RS frame being assigned to regions C/Dwithin the corresponding data group will be referred to as a “secondaryRS frame”, for simplicity. Also, the primary RS frame and the secondaryRS frame form (or configure) one parade. More specifically, when themobile service data within one RS frame are assigned either to all ofregions A/B/C/D within the corresponding data group, one paradetransmits one RS frame. Conversely, when the mobile service data withinone RS frame are assigned either to at least one of regions A/B andregions C/D, one parade may transmit up to 2 RS frames.

More specifically, the RS frame mode indicates whether a paradetransmits one RS frame, or whether the parade transmits two RS frames.Such RS frame mode is transmitted as the above-described TPC data.

Table 1 below shows an example of the RS frame mode.

TABLE 1 RS frame mode (2 bits) Description 00 There is only one primaryRS frame for all group regions 01 There are two separate RS frames.Primary RS frame for group regions A and B Secondary RS frame for groupregions C and D 10 Reserved 11 Reserved

Table 1 illustrates an example of allocating 2 bits in order to indicatethe RS frame mode. For example, referring to Table 1, when the RS framemode value is equal to ‘00’, this indicates that one parade transmitsone RS frame. And, when the RS frame mode value is equal to ‘01’, thisindicates that one parade transmits two RS frames, i.e., the primary RSframe and the secondary RS frame. More specifically, when the RS framemode value is equal to ‘01’, data of the primary RS frame for regionsA/B are assigned and transmitted to regions A/B of the correspondingdata group. Similarly, data of the secondary RS frame for regions C/Dare assigned and transmitted to regions C/D of the corresponding datagroup.

As described in the assignment of data groups, the parades are alsoassigned to be spaced as far apart from one another as possible withinthe sub-frame. Thus, the system can be capable of responding promptlyand effectively to any burst error that may occur within a sub-frame.

Furthermore, the method of assigning parades may be identically appliedto all MH frames or differently applied to each MH frame. According tothe embodiment of the present invention, the parades may be assigneddifferently for each MH frame and identically for all sub-frames withinan MH frame. More specifically, the MH frame structure may vary by MHframe units. Thus, an ensemble rate may be adjusted on a more frequentand flexible basis.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of multiple data groups of a single paradebeing assigned (or allocated) to an MH frame. More specifically, FIG. 9illustrates an example of a plurality of data groups included in asingle parade, wherein the number of data groups included in a sub-frameis equal to ‘3’, being allocated to an MH frame.

Referring to FIG. 9, 3 data groups are sequentially assigned to asub-frame at a cycle period of 4 slots. Accordingly, when this processis equally performed in the 5 sub-frames included in the correspondingMH frame, 15 data groups are assigned to a single MH frame. Herein, the15 data groups correspond to data groups included in a parade.Therefore, since one sub-frame is configured of 4 VSB frame, and since 3data groups are included in a sub-frame, the data group of thecorresponding parade is not assigned to one of the 4 VSB frames within asub-frame.

For example, when it is assumed that one parade transmits one RS frame,and that a RS frame encoder (not shown) included in the transmittingsystem performs RS-encoding on the corresponding RS frame, therebyadding 24 bytes of parity data to the corresponding RS frame andtransmitting the processed RS frame, the parity data occupyapproximately 11.37% (=24/(187+24)×100) of the total code word length.Meanwhile, when one sub-frame includes 3 data groups, and when the datagroups included in the parade are assigned, as shown in FIG. 9, a totalof 15 data groups form an RS frame. Accordingly, even when an erroroccurs in an entire data group due to a burst noise within a channel,the percentile is merely 6.67% (=1/15×100). Therefore, the receivingsystem may correct all errors by performing an erasure RS decodingprocess. More specifically, when the erasure RS decoding is performed, anumber of channel errors corresponding to the number of RS parity bytesmay be corrected. By doing so, the receiving system may correct theerror of at least one data group within one parade. Thus, the minimumburst noise length correctable by a RS frame is over 1 VSB frame.

Meanwhile, when data groups of a parade are assigned as shown in FIG. 9,either main service data may be assigned between each data group, ordata groups corresponding to different parades may be assigned betweeneach data group. More specifically, data groups corresponding tomultiple parades may be assigned to one MH frame.

Basically, the method of assigning data groups corresponding to multipleparades is very similar to the method of assigning data groupscorresponding to a single parade. In other words, data groups includedin other parades that are to be assigned to an MH frame are alsorespectively assigned according to a cycle period of 4 slots.

At this point, data groups of a different parade may be sequentiallyassigned to the respective slots in a circular method. Herein, the datagroups are assigned to slots starting from the ones to which data groupsof the previous parade have not yet been assigned.

For example, when it is assumed that data groups corresponding to aparade are assigned as shown in FIG. 9, data groups corresponding to thenext parade may be assigned to a sub-frame starting either from the12^(th) slot of a sub-frame. However, this is merely exemplary. Inanother example, the data groups of the next parade may also besequentially assigned to a different slot within a sub-frame at a cycleperiod of 4 slots starting from the 3^(rd) slot.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of transmitting 3 parades (Parade #0,Parade #1, and Parade #2) to an MH frame. More specifically, FIG. 10illustrates an example of transmitting parades included in one of 5sub-frames, wherein the 5 sub-frames configure one MH frame.

When the 1^(st) parade (Parade #0) includes 3 data groups for eachsub-frame, the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames maybe obtained by substituting values ‘0’ to ‘2’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 1^(st) parade (Parade #0) aresequentially assigned to the 1^(st), 5^(th), and 9^(th) slots (Slot #0,Slot #4, and Slot #8) within the sub-frame.

Also, when the 2^(nd) parade includes 2 data groups for each sub-frame,the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames may be obtainedby substituting values ‘3’ and ‘4’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 2^(nd) parade (Parade #1) aresequentially assigned to the 2^(nd) and 12^(th) slots (Slot #1 and Slot#11) within the sub-frame.

Finally, when the 3^(rd) parade includes 2 data groups for eachsub-frame, the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames maybe obtained by substituting values ‘5’ and ‘6’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 3^(rd) parade (Parade #2) aresequentially assigned to the 7^(th) and 11^(th) slots (Slot #6 and Slot#10) within the sub-frame.

As described above, data groups of multiple parades may be assigned to asingle MH frame, and, in each sub-frame, the data groups are seriallyallocated to a group space having 4 slots from left to right.

Therefore, a number of groups of one parade per sub-frame (NoG) maycorrespond to any one integer from ‘1’ to ‘8’. Herein, since one MHframe includes 5 sub-frames, the total number of data groups within aparade that can be allocated to an MH frame may correspond to any onemultiple of ‘5’ ranging from ‘5’ to ‘40’.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of expanding the assignment process of 3parades, shown in FIG. 10, to 5 sub-frames within an MH frame.

FIG. 12 illustrates a data transmission structure according to anembodiment of the present invention, wherein signaling data are includedin a data group so as to be transmitted.

As described above, an MH frame is divided into 5 sub-frames. Datagroups corresponding to a plurality of parades co-exist in eachsub-frame. Herein, the data groups corresponding to each parade aregrouped by MH frame units, thereby configuring a single parade.

The data structure shown in FIG. 12 includes 3 parades, one ESGdedicated channel (EDC) parade (i.e., parade with NoG=1), and 2 serviceparades (i.e., parade with NoG=4 and parade with NoG=3). Also, apredetermined portion of each data group (i.e., 37 bytes/data group) isused for delivering (or sending) FIC information associated with mobileservice data, wherein the FIC information is separately encoded from theRS-encoding process. The FIC region assigned to each data group consistsof one FIC segments. Herein, each segment is interleaved by MH sub-frameunits, thereby configuring an FIC body, which corresponds to a completedFIC transmission structure. However, whenever required, each segment maybe interleaved by MH frame units and not by MH sub-frame units, therebybeing completed in MH frame units.

Meanwhile, the concept of an MH ensemble is applied in the embodiment ofthe present invention, thereby defining a collection (or group) ofservices. Each MH ensemble carries the same QoS and is coded with thesame FEC code. Also, each MH ensemble has the same unique identifier(i.e., ensemble ID) and corresponds to consecutive RS frames.

As shown in FIG. 12, the FIC segment corresponding to each data groupdescribed service information of an MH ensemble to which thecorresponding data group belongs. When FIC segments within a sub-frameare grouped and deinterleaved, all service information of a physicalchannel through which the corresponding FICs are transmitted may beobtained. Therefore, the receiving system may be able to acquire thechannel information of the corresponding physical channel, after beingprocessed with physical channel tuning, during a sub-frame period.

Furthermore, FIG. 12 illustrates a structure further including aseparate EDC parade apart from the service parade and wherein electronicservice guide (ESG) data are transmitted in the 1^(st) slot of eachsub-frame.

Hierarchical Signaling Structure

FIG. 13 illustrates a hierarchical signaling structure according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the mobilebroadcasting technology according to the embodiment of the presentinvention adopts a signaling method using FIC and SMT. In thedescription of the present invention, the signaling structure will bereferred to as a hierarchical signaling structure.

Hereinafter, a detailed description on how the receiving system accessesa virtual channel via FIC and SMT will now be given with reference toFIG. 13.

The FIC body defined in an MH transport (M1) identifies the physicallocation of each the data stream for each virtual channel and providesvery high level descriptions of each virtual channel.

Being MH ensemble level signaling information, the service map table(SMT) provides MH ensemble level signaling information. The SMT providesthe IP access information of each virtual channel belonging to therespective MH ensemble within which the SMT is carried. The SMT alsoprovides all IP stream component level information required for thevirtual channel service acquisition.

Referring to FIG. 13, each MH ensemble (i.e., Ensemble 0, Ensemble 1, .. . , Ensemble K) includes a stream information on each associated (orcorresponding) virtual channel (e.g., virtual channel 0 IP stream,virtual channel 1 IP stream, and virtual channel 2 IP stream). Forexample, Ensemble 0 includes virtual channel 0 IP stream and virtualchannel 1 IP stream. And, each MH ensemble includes diverse informationon the associated virtual channel (i.e., Virtual Channel 0 Table Entry,Virtual Channel 0 Access Info, Virtual Channel 1 Table Entry, VirtualChannel 1 Access Info, Virtual Channel 2 Table Entry, Virtual Channel 2Access Info, Virtual Channel N Table Entry, Virtual Channel N AccessInfo, and so on).

The FIC body payload includes information on MH ensembles (e.g.,ensemble_id field, and referred to as “ensemble location” in FIG. 13)and information on a virtual channel associated with the correspondingMH ensemble (e.g., when such information corresponds to amajor_channel_num field and a minor_channel_num field, the informationis expressed as Virtual Channel 0, Virtual Channel 1, . . . , VirtualChannel N in FIG. 13).

The application of the signaling structure in the receiving system willnow be described in detail.

When a user selects a channel he or she wishes to view (hereinafter, theuser-selected channel will be referred to as “channel θ” forsimplicity), the receiving system first parses the received FIC. Then,the receiving system acquires information on an MH ensemble (i.e.,ensemble location), which is associated with the virtual channelcorresponding to channel θ (hereinafter, the corresponding MH ensemblewill be referred to as “MH ensemble θ” for simplicity). By acquiringslots only corresponding to the MH ensemble θ using the time-slicingmethod, the receiving system configures ensemble θ. The ensemble θconfigured as described above, includes an SMT on the associated virtualchannels (including channel θ) and IP streams on the correspondingvirtual channels. Therefore, the receiving system uses the SMT includedin the MH ensemble θ in order to acquire various information on channelθ (e.g., Virtual Channel θ Table Entry) and stream access information onchannel θ (e.g., Virtual Channel θ Access Info). The receiving systemuses the stream access information on channel θ to receive only theassociated IP streams, thereby providing channel θ services to the user.

Fast Information Channel (FIC)

The digital broadcast receiving system according to the presentinvention adopts the fast information channel (FIC) for a faster accessto a service that is currently being broadcasted.

More specifically, the FIC handler 215 of FIG. 1 parses the FIC body,which corresponds to an FIC transmission structure, and outputs theparsed result to the physical adaptation control signal handler 216.

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary FIC body format according to anembodiment of the present invention. According to the embodiment of thepresent invention, the FIC format consists of an FIC body header and anFIC body payload.

Meanwhile, according to the embodiment of the present invention, dataare transmitted through the FIC body header and the FIC body payload inFIC segment units. Each FIC segment has the size of 37 bytes, and eachFIC segment consists of a 2-byte FIC segment header and a 35-byte FICsegment payload. More specifically, an FIC body configured of an FICbody header and an FIC body payload, is segmented in units of 35 databytes, which are then carried in at least one FIC segment within the FICsegment payload, so as to be transmitted.

In the description of the present invention, an example of inserting oneFIC segment in one data group, which is then transmitted, will be given.In this case, the receiving system receives a slot corresponding to eachdata group by using a time-slicing method.

The signaling decoder 190 included in the receiving system shown in FIG.1 collects each FIC segment inserted in each data group. Then, thesignaling decoder 190 uses the collected FIC segments to created asingle FIC body. Thereafter, the signaling decoder 190 performs adecoding process on the FIC body payload of the created FIC body, sothat the decoded FIC body payload corresponds to an encoded result of asignaling encoder (not shown) included in the transmitting system.Subsequently, the decoded FIC body payload is outputted to the FIChandler 215. The FIC handler 215 parses the FIC data included in the FICbody payload, and then outputs the parsed FIC data to the physicaladaptation control signal handler 216. The physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216 uses the inputted FIC data to perform processesassociated with MH ensembles, virtual channels, SMTs, and so on.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when an FIC body issegmented, and when the size of the last segmented portion is smallerthan 35 data bytes, it is assumed that the lacking number of data bytesin the FIC segment payload is completed with by adding the same numberof stuffing bytes therein, so that the size of the last FIC segment canbe equal to 35 data bytes.

However, it is apparent that the above-described data byte values (i.e.,37 bytes for the FIC segment, 2 bytes for the FIC segment header, and 35bytes for the FIC segment payload) are merely exemplary, and will,therefore, not limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to an FIC segment according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

Herein, the FIC segment signifies a unit used for transmitting the FICdata. The FIC segment consists of an FIC segment header and an FICsegment payload. Referring to FIG. 15, the FIC segment payloadcorresponds to the portion starting from the ‘for’ loop statement.Meanwhile, the FIC segment header may include a FIC_type field, anerror_indicator field, an FIC_seg_number field, and anFIC_last_seg_number field. A detailed description of each field will nowbe given.

The FIC_type field is a 2-bit field indicating the type of thecorresponding FIC.

The error_indicator field is a 1-bit field, which indicates whether ornot an error has occurred within the FIC segment during datatransmission. If an error has occurred, the value of the error_indicatorfield is set to ‘1’. More specifically, when an error that has failed tobe recovered still remains during the configuration process of the FICsegment, the error_indicator field value is set to ‘1’. Theerror_indicator field enables the receiving system to recognize thepresence of an error within the FIC data.

The FIC_seg_number field is a 4-bit field. Herein, when a single FICbody is divided into a plurality of FIC segments and transmitted, theFIC_seg_number field indicates the number of the corresponding FICsegment.

Finally, the FIC_last_seg_number field is also a 4-bit field. TheFIC_last_seg_number field indicates the number of the last FIC segmentwithin the corresponding FIC body.

FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to a payload of an FIC segment according to the presentinvention, when an FIC type field value is equal to ‘0’.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the payload of theFIC segment is divided into 3 different regions.

A first region of the FIC segment payload exists only when theFIC_seg_number field value is equal to ‘0’. Herein, the first region mayinclude a current_next_indicator field, an ESG_version field, and atransport_stream_id field. However, depending upon the embodiment of thepresent invention, it may be assumed that each of the 3 fields existsregardless of the FIC_seg_number field.

The current_next_indicator field is a 1-bit field. Thecurrent_next_indicator field acts as an indicator identifying whetherthe corresponding FIC data carry MH ensemble configuration informationof an MH frame including the current FIC segment, or whether thecorresponding FIC data carry MH ensemble configuration information of anext MH frame.

The ESG_version field is a 5-bit field indicating ESG versioninformation. Herein, by providing version information on the serviceguide providing channel of the corresponding ESG, the ESG_version fieldenables the receiving system to notify whether or not the correspondingESG has been updated.

Finally, the transport_stream_id field is a 16-bit field acting as aunique identifier of a broadcast stream through which the correspondingFIC segment is being transmitted.

A second region of the FIC segment payload corresponds to an ensembleloop region, which includes an ensemble_id field, an SI_version field,and a num_channel field.

More specifically, the ensemble_id field is an 8-bit field indicatingidentifiers of an MH ensemble through which MH services are transmitted.The MH services will be described in more detail in a later process.Herein, the ensemble_id field binds the MH services and the MH ensemble.

The SI_version field is a 4-bit field indicating version information ofSI data included in the corresponding ensemble, which is beingtransmitted within the RS frame.

Finally, the num_channel field is an 8-bit field indicating the numberof virtual channel being transmitted via the corresponding ensemble.

A third region of the FIC segment payload a channel loop region, whichincludes a channel_type field, a channel_activity field, a CA_indicatorfield, a stand_alone_service_indicator field, a major_channel_num field,and a minor_channel_num field.

The channel_type field is a 5-bit field indicating a service type of thecorresponding virtual channel. For example, the channel_type field mayindicates an audio/video channel, an audio/video and data channel, anaudio-only channel, a data-only channel, a file download channel, an ESGdelivery channel, a notification channel, and so on.

The channel_activity field is a 2-bit field indicating activityinformation of the corresponding virtual channel. More specifically, thechannel_activity field may indicate whether the current virtual channelis providing the current service.

The CA_indicator field is a 1-bit field indicating whether or not aconditional access (CA) is applied to the current virtual channel.

The stand_alone_service_indicator field is also a 1-bit field, whichindicates whether the service of the corresponding virtual channelcorresponds to a stand alone service.

The major_channel_num field is an 8-bit field indicating a major channelnumber of the corresponding virtual channel.

Finally, the minor_channel_num field is also an 8-bit field indicating aminor channel number of the corresponding virtual channel.

Service Table Map

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of aservice map table (hereinafter referred to as “SMT”) according to thepresent invention.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the SMT isconfigured in an MPEG-2 private section format. However, this will notlimit the scope and spirit of the present invention. The SMT accordingto the embodiment of the present invention includes descriptioninformation for each virtual channel within a single MH ensemble. And,additional information may further be included in each descriptor area.

Herein, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionincludes at least one field and is transmitted from the transmittingsystem to the receiving system.

As described in FIG. 3, the SMT section may be transmitted by beingincluded in the MH TP within the RS frame. In this case, each of the RSframe decoders 170 and 180, shown in FIG. 1, decodes the inputted RSframe, respectively. Then, each of the decoded RS frames is outputted tothe respective RS frame handler 211 and 212. Thereafter, each RS framehandler 211 and 212 identifies the inputted RS frame by row units, so asto create an MH TP, thereby outputting the created MH TP to the MH TPhandler 213.

When it is determined that the corresponding MH TP includes an SMTsection based upon the header in each of the inputted MH TP, the MH TPhandler 213 parses the corresponding SMT section, so as to output the SIdata within the parsed SMT section to the physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216. However, this is limited to when the SMT is notencapsulated to IP datagrams.

Meanwhile, when the SMT is encapsulated to IP datagrams, and when it isdetermined that the corresponding MH TP includes an SMT section basedupon the header in each of the inputted MH TP, the MH TP handler 213outputs the SMT section to the IP network stack 220. Accordingly, the IPnetwork stack 220 performs IP and UDP processes on the inputted SMTsection and, then, outputs the processed SMT section to the SI handler240. The SI handler 240 parses the inputted SMT section and controls thesystem so that the parsed SI data can be stored in the storage unit 290.

The following corresponds to example of the fields that may betransmitted through the SMT.

A table_id field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer number, whichindicates the type of table section. The table_id field allows thecorresponding table to be defined as the service map table (SMT).

A section_syntax_indicator field is a 1-bit field corresponding to anindicator defining the section format of the SLT. For example, thesection format may correspond to MPEG long-form syntax.

A private_indicator field is a 1-bit field indicating whether or not theSMT follows (or is in accordance with) a private section.

A section_length field is a 12-bit field indicating the section lengthof the corresponding SMT.

A transport_stream_id field is a 16-bit field indicating atransport_stream_identifier of a physical channel transmitting (ordelivering) the corresponding SMT.

A version_number field is a 5-bit field indicating the version number ofthe corresponding SMT.

A current_next_indicator field is a 1-bit field indicating whether thedata included in subsequent SMT sections are currently applicable.

A section_number field is an 8-bit field indicating the section numberof the corresponding SMT.

A last_section_number field is also an 8-bit field indicating the lastsection number of the corresponding SMT.

An SMT_protocol_version field is an 8-bit field indicating the protocolversion of the corresponding SMT section.

An ensemble_id field is an 8-bit unsigned integer field, whichcorresponds to an ID value associated to the corresponding MH ensemble.Herein, the ensemble_id field may be assigned with a value ranging fromrange ‘0x00’ to ‘0x3F’. It is preferable that the value of theensemble_id field is derived from the parade_id of the TPC data, whichis carried from the baseband processor of MH physical layer subsystem.When the corresponding MH ensemble is transmitted through (or carriedover) the primary RS frame, a value of ‘0’ may be used for the mostsignificant bit (MSB), and the remaining 7 bits are used as theparade_id value of the associated MH parade (i.e., for the leastsignificant 7 bits). Alternatively, when the corresponding MH ensembleis transmitted through (or carried over) the secondary RS frame, a valueof ‘1’ may be used for the most significant bit (MSB).

A num_channels field is an 8-bit field, which specifies the number ofvirtual channels in the corresponding SMT section.

Meanwhile, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionprovides information on a plurality of virtual channels using the ‘for’loop statement.

A major_channel_num field corresponds to an 8-bit field, whichrepresents the major channel number associated with the correspondingvirtual channel. Herein, the major_channel_num field may be assignedwith a value ranging from ‘0x00’ to ‘0xFF’.

A minor_channel_num field corresponds to an 8-bit field, whichrepresents the minor channel number associated with the correspondingvirtual channel. Herein, the minor_channel_num field may be assignedwith a value ranging from ‘0x00’ to ‘0xFF’.

A short_channel_name field indicates the short name of the virtualchannel. The service_id field is a 16-bit unsigned integer number (orvalue), which identifies the virtual channel service.

A service_type field is a 6-bit enumerated type field, which designatesthe type of service carried in the corresponding virtual channel asdefined in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2 0x00 [Reserved] 0x01 MH_digital_television field: the virtualchannel carries television programming (audio, video and optionalassociated data) conforming to ATSC standards. 0x02 MH_audio field: thevirtual channel carries audio programming (audio service and optionalassociated data) conforming to ATSC standards. 0x03 MH_data_only_servicefield: the virtual channel carries a data service conforming to ATSCstandards, but no video or audio component. 0x04 to [Reserved for futureATSC usage] 0xFF

A virtual_channel_activity field is a 2-bit enumerated field identifyingthe activity status of the corresponding virtual channel. When the mostsignificant bit (MSB) of the virtual_channel_activity field is ‘1’, thevirtual channel is active, and when the most significant bit (MSB) ofthe virtual_channel_activity field is ‘0’, the virtual channel isinactive. Also, when the least significant bit (LSB) of thevirtual_channel_activity field is ‘1’, the virtual channel is hidden(when set to 1), and when the least significant bit (LSB) of thevirtual_channel_activity field is ‘0’, the virtual channel is nothidden.

A num_components field is a 5-bit field, which specifies the number ofIP stream components in the corresponding virtual channel.

An IP_version_flag field corresponds to a 1-bit indicator. Morespecifically, when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘1’,this indicates that a source_IP_address field, avirtual_channel_target_IP_address field, and acomponent_target_IP_address field are IPv6 addresses. Alternatively,when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘0’, thisindicates that the source_IP_address field, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field, and thecomponent_target_IP_address field are IPv4.

A source_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Boolean flag, which indicates,when set, that a source IP address of the corresponding virtual channelexist for a specific multicast source.

A virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Boolean flag,which indicates, when set, that the corresponding IP stream component isdelivered through IP datagrams with target IP addresses different fromthe virtual_channel_target_IP_address. Therefore, when the flag is set,the receiving system (or receiver) uses the component_target_IP_addressas the target_IP_address in order to access the corresponding IP streamcomponent. Accordingly, the receiving system (or receiver) may ignorethe virtual_channel_target_IP_address field included in the num_channelsloop.

The source_IP_address field corresponds to a 32-bit or 128-bit field.Herein, the source_IP_address field will be significant (or present),when the value of the source_IP_address_flag field is set to ‘1’.However, when the value of the source_IP_address_flag field is set to‘0’, the source_IP_address field will become insignificant (or absent).More specifically, when the source_IP_address_flag field value is set to‘1’, and when the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘0’, thesource_IP_address field indicates a 32-bit IPv4 address, which shows thesource of the corresponding virtual channel. Alternatively, when theIP_version_flag field value is set to ‘1’, the source_IP_address fieldindicates a 128-bit IPv6 address, which shows the source of thecorresponding virtual channel.

The virtual_channel_target_IP_address field also corresponds to a 32-bitor 128-bit field. Herein, the virtual_channel_target_IP_address fieldwill be significant (or present), when the value of thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field is set to ‘1’.

However, when the value of the virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flagfield is set to ‘0’, the virtual_channel_target_IP_address field willbecome insignificant (or absent). More specifically, when thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field value is set to ‘1’, andwhen the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘0’, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field indicates a 32-bit target IPv4address associated to the corresponding virtual channel. Alternatively,when the virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field value is set to‘1’, and when the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘1’, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field indicates a 64-bit target IPv6address associated to the corresponding virtual channel. If thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field is insignificant (or absent),the component_target_IP_address field within the num_channels loopshould become significant (or present). And, in order to enable thereceiving system to access the IP stream component, thecomponent_target_IP_address field should be used.

Meanwhile, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionuses a ‘for’ loop statement in order to provide information on aplurality of components.

Herein, an RTP_payload_type field, which is assigned with 7 bits,identifies the encoding format of the component based upon Table 3 shownbelow. When the IP stream component is not encapsulated to RTP, theRTP_payload_type field shall be ignored (or deprecated).

Table 3 below shows an example of the RTP_payload_type.

TABLE 3 RTP_payload_type Meaning 35 AVC video 36 MH audio 37 to 72[Reserved for future ATSC use]

A component_target_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Boolean flag, whichindicates, when set, that the corresponding IP stream component isdelivered through IP datagrams with target IP addresses different fromthe virtual_channel_target_IP_address. Furthermore, when thecomponent_target_IP_address_flag is set, the receiving system (orreceiver) uses the component_target_IP_address field as the target IPaddress for accessing the corresponding IP stream component.Accordingly, the receiving system (or receiver) will ignore thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field included in thenum_channels_loop.

The component_target_IP_address field corresponds to a 32-bit or 128-bitfield. Herein, when the value of the IP_versionflag field is set to ‘0’,the component_target_IP address field indicates a 32-bit target IPv4address associated to the corresponding IP stream component. And, whenthe value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘1’, thecomponent_target_IP_address field indicates a 128-bit target IPv6address associated to the corresponding IP stream component.

A port_num_count field is a 6-bit field, which indicates the number ofUDP ports associated with the corresponding IP stream component. Atarget UDP port number value starts from the target_UDP_port_num fieldvalue and increases (or is incremented) by 1. For the RTP stream, thetarget UDP port number should start from the target_UDP_port_num fieldvalue and shall increase (or be incremented) by 2. This is toincorporate RTCP streams associated with the RTP streams.

A target_UDP_port_num field is a 16-bit unsigned integer field, whichrepresents the target UDP port number for the corresponding IP streamcomponent. When used for RTP streams, the value of thetarget_UDP_port_num field shall correspond to an even number. And, thenext higher value shall represent the target UDP port number of theassociated RTCP stream.

A component_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or more descriptorsproviding additional information on the corresponding IP streamcomponent.

A virtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or moredescriptors providing additional information for the correspondingvirtual channel.

An ensemble_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or more descriptorsproviding additional information for the MH ensemble, which is describedby the corresponding SMT.

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHaudio descriptor according to the present invention.

When at least one audio service is present as a component of the currentevent, the MH_audio_descriptor( ) shall be used as acomponent_level_descriptor of the SMT. The MH_audio_descriptor( ) may becapable of informing the system of the audio language type and stereomode status. If there is no audio service associated with the currentevent, then it is preferable that the MH_audio_descriptor( ) isconsidered to be insignificant (or absent) for the current event.

Each field shown in the bit stream syntax of FIG. 18 will now bedescribed in detail.

A descriptor_tag field is an 8-bit unsigned integer having a TBD value,which indicates that the corresponding descriptor is theMH_audio_descriptor( ).

A descriptor_length field is also an 8-bit unsigned integer, whichindicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediately following thedescriptor_length field up to the end of the MH_audio_descriptor( ).

A channel_configuration field corresponds to an 8-bit field indicatingthe number and configuration of audio channels. The values ranging from‘1’ to ‘6’ respectively indicate the number and configuration of audiochannels as given for “Default bit stream index number” in Table 42 ofISO/IEC 13818-7:2006. All other values indicate that the number andconfiguration of audio channels are undefined.

A sample_rate_code field is a 3-bit field, which indicates the samplerate of the encoded audio data. Herein, the indication may correspond toone specific sample rate, or may correspond to a set of values thatinclude the sample rate of the encoded audio data as defined in TableA3.3 of ATSC A/52B.

A bit_rate_code field corresponds to a 6-bit field. Herein, among the 6bits, the lower 5 bits indicate a nominal bit rate. More specifically,when the most significant bit (MSB) is ‘0’, the corresponding bit rateis exact. On the other hand, when the most significant bit (MSB) is ‘0’,the bit rate corresponds to an upper limit as defined in Table A3.4 ofATSC A/53B.

An ISO_(—)639 language code field is a 24-bit (i.e., 3-byte) fieldindicating the language used for the audio stream component, inconformance with ISO 639.2/B [x]. When a specific language is notpresent in the corresponding audio stream component, the value of eachbyte will be set to ‘0x00’.

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHRTP payload type descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) specifies the RTP payload type.Yet, the MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) exists only when the dynamicvalue of the RTP_payload_type field within the num_components loop ofthe SMT is in the range of ‘96’ to ‘127’. TheMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) is used as acomponent_level_descriptor of the SMT.

The MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor translates (or matches) a dynamicRTP_payload_type field value into (or with) a MIME type. Accordingly,the receiving system (or receiver) may collect (or gather) the encodingformat of the IP stream component, which is encapsulated in RTP.

The fields included in the MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

A descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ).

A descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer,which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediatelyfollowing the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ).

An RTP_payload_type field corresponds to a 7-bit field, which identifiesthe encoding format of the IP stream component. Herein, the dynamicvalue of the RTP_payload_type field is in the range of ‘96’ to ‘127’.

A MIME_type_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of a MIME_typefield.

The MIME_type field indicates the MIME type corresponding to theencoding format of the IP stream component, which is described by theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ).

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHcurrent event descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_current_event_descriptor( ) shall be used as thevirtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_current_event_descriptor( ) provides basic information on the currentevent (e.g., the start time, duration, and title of the current event,etc.), which is transmitted via the respective virtual channel.

The fields included in the MH_current_event_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

A descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_current_event_descriptor( ).

A descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer,which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediatelyfollowing the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_current_event_descriptor( ).

An event_id field corresponds to a 16-bit field representing anidentifier for identifying the corresponding event.

A current_event_start_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsignedinteger quantity. The current_event_start_time field represents thestart time of the current event and, more specifically, as the number ofGPS seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6, 1980.

A current_event_duration field corresponds to a 24-bit field. Herein,the current_event_duration field indicates the duration of the currentevent in hours, minutes, and seconds (wherein the format is in 6 digits,4-bit BCD=24 bits).

A title_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of a title_textfield. Herein, the value ‘0’ indicates that there are no titles existingfor the corresponding event.

The title_text field indicates the title of the corresponding event inevent title in the format of a multiple string structure as defined inATSC A/65C [x].

FIG. 21 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHnext event descriptor according to the present invention.

The optional MH_next_event_descriptor( ) shall be used as thevirtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_next_event_descriptor( ) provides basic information on the next event(e.g., the start time, duration, and title of the next event, etc.),which is transmitted via the respective virtual channel.

The fields included in the MH_next_event_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

A descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_next_event_descriptor( ).

A descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer,which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediatelyfollowing the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_next_event_descriptor( ).

An event_id field corresponds to a 16-bit field representing anidentifier for identifying the corresponding event.

A next_event_start_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsigned integerquantity. The next_event_start_time field represents the start time ofthe next event and, more specifically, as the number of GPS secondssince 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6, 1980.

A next_event_duration field corresponds to a 24-bit field. Herein, thenext_event_duration field indicates the duration of the next event inhours, minutes, and seconds (wherein the format is in 6 digits, 4-bitBCD=24 bits).

A title_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of a title_textfield. Herein, the value ‘0’ indicates that there are no titles existingfor the corresponding event.

The title_text field indicates the title of the corresponding event inevent title in the format of a multiple string structure as defined inATSC A/65C [x].

FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHsystem time descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_system_time_descriptor( ) shall be used as theensemble_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_system_time_descriptor( ) provides information on current time anddate. The MH_system_time_descriptor( ) also provides information on thetime zone in which the transmitting system (or transmitter) transmittingthe corresponding broadcast stream is located, while taking intoconsideration the mobile/portable characteristics of the MH servicedata.

The fields included in the MH_system_time_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

A descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_system_time_descriptor( ).

A descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer,which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediatelyfollowing the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_system_time_descriptor( ).

A system_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsigned integer quantity.The system_time field represents the current system time and, morespecifically, as the number of GPS seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6,1980.

A GPS_UTC_offset field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer, whichdefines the current offset in whole seconds between GPS and UTC timestandards. In order to convert GPS time to UTC time, the GPS_UTC_offsetis subtracted from GPS time. Whenever the International Bureau ofWeights and Measures decides that the current offset is too far inerror, an additional leap second may be added (or subtracted).Accordingly, the GPS_UTC_offset field value will reflect the change.

A time_zone_offset_polarity field is a 1-bit field, which indicateswhether the time of the time zone, in which the broadcast station islocated, exceeds (or leads or is faster) or falls behind (or lags or isslower) than the UTC time. When the value of thetime_zone_offset_polarity field is equal to ‘0’, this indicates that thetime on the current time zone exceeds the UTC time. Therefore, atime_zone_offset field value is added to the UTC time value. Conversely,when the value of the time_zone_offset_polarity field is equal to ‘1’,this indicates that the time on the current time zone falls behind theUTC time. Therefore, the time_zone_offset field value is subtracted fromthe UTC time value.

The time_zone_offset field is a 31-bit unsigned integer quantity. Morespecifically, the time_zone_offset field represents, in GPS seconds, thetime offset of the time zone in which the broadcast station is located,when compared to the UTC time.

A daylight_savings field corresponds to a 16-bit field providinginformation on the Summer Time (i.e., the Daylight Savings Time).

A time_zone field corresponds to a (5×8)-bit field indicating the timezone, in which the transmitting system (or transmitter) transmitting thecorresponding broadcast stream is located.

FIG. 23 illustrates segmentation and encapsulation processes of aservice map table (SMT) according to the present invention.

According to the present invention, the SMT is encapsulated to UDP,while including a target IP address and a target UDP port number withinthe IP datagram. More specifically, the SMT is first segmented into apredetermined number of sections, then encapsulated to a UDP header, andfinally encapsulated to an IP header.

In addition, the SMT section provides signaling information on allvirtual channel included in the MH ensemble including the correspondingSMT section. At least one SMT section describing the MH ensemble isincluded in each RS frame included in the corresponding MH ensemble.Finally, each SMT section is identified by an ensemble_id included ineach section.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, by informing thereceiving system of the target IP address and target UDP port number,the corresponding data (i.e., target IP address and target UDP portnumber) may be parsed without having the receiving system to request forother additional information.

FIG. 24 illustrates a flow chart for accessing a virtual channel usingFIC and SMT according to the present invention.

More specifically, a physical channel is tuned (S501). And, when it isdetermined that an MH signal exists in the tuned physical channel(S502), the corresponding MH signal is demodulated (S503). Additionally,FIC segments are grouped from the demodulated MH signal in sub-frameunits (S504 and S505).

According to the embodiment of the present invention, an FIC segment isinserted in a data group, so as to be transmitted. More specifically,the FIC segment corresponding to each data group described serviceinformation on the MH ensemble to which the corresponding data groupbelongs. When the FIC segments are grouped in sub-frame units and, then,deinterleaved, all service information on the physical channel throughwhich the corresponding FIC segment is transmitted may be acquired.Therefore, after the tuning process, the receiving system may acquirechannel information on the corresponding physical channel during asub-frame period. Once the FIC segments are grouped, in S504 and S505, abroadcast stream through which the corresponding FIC segment is beingtransmitted is identified (S506). For example, the broadcast stream maybe identified by parsing the transport_stream_id field of the FIC body,which is configured by grouping the FIC segments.

Furthermore, an ensemble identifier, a major channel number, a minorchannel number, channel type information, and so on, are extracted fromthe FIC body (S507). And, by using the extracted ensemble information,only the slots corresponding to the designated ensemble are acquired byusing the time-slicing method, so as to configure an ensemble (S508).

Subsequently, the RS frame corresponding to the designated ensemble isdecoded (S509), and an IP socket is opened for SMT reception (S510).

According to the example given in the embodiment of the presentinvention, the SMT is encapsulated to UDP, while including a target IPaddress and a target UDP port number within the IP datagram. Morespecifically, the SMT is first segmented into a predetermined number ofsections, then encapsulated to a UDP header, and finally encapsulated toan IP header. According to the embodiment of the present invention, byinforming the receiving system of the target IP address and target UDPport number, the receiving system parses the SMT sections and thedescriptors of each SMT section without requesting for other additionalinformation (S511).

The SMT section provides signaling information on all virtual channelincluded in the MH ensemble including the corresponding SMT section. Atleast one SMT section describing the MH ensemble is included in each RSframe included in the corresponding MH ensemble. Also, each SMT sectionis identified by an ensemble_id included in each section.

Furthermore each SMT provides IP access information on each virtualchannel subordinate to the corresponding MH ensemble including each SMT.Finally, the SMT provides IP stream component level information requiredfor the servicing of the corresponding virtual channel.

Therefore, by using the information parsed from the SMT, the IP streamcomponent belonging to the virtual channel requested for reception maybe accessed (S513). Accordingly, the service associated with thecorresponding virtual channel is provided to the user (S514).

Meanwhile, the present invention may provide signaling information onchannel setting and channel management by using a service map table(SMT). However, the present invention may also provide signalinginformation on channel setting and channel management by using a serviceguide (SG), which is provided through a separate channel. In the presentinvention, the signaling information being provided through the SMT willbe referred to as “first signaling information”, and the signalinginformation being provided through the SG will be referred to as “secondsignaling information”.

FIG. 25 illustrates a structure of service guide information.

When entry point information of the service guide (SG) is included inthe ensemble and then transmitted, the receiving system receives aservice guide delivery descriptor (SGDD), which corresponds toinformation describing a service guide using the corresponding entrypoint information. Herein, information on a structure and acquisition ofthe service guide may be acquired from the service guide deliverydescriptor. Accordingly, the service guide information may be receivedusing the acquired information.

The SG may provide signaling information (also referred to asannouncement information) as a sub-divided lower-level unit. Herein, thesub-divided lower-level unit may be referred to as a fragment. Thefragments used in the SG may include a service fragment, a schedulefragment, a content fragment, a purchase item fragment, a purchase datafragment, a purchase channel fragment, an access fragment, a sessiondescription fragment, a preview data fragment, and an interactive datafragment. The arrows shown in FIG. 25 indicate the reference relationbetween each fragment. According to the example shown in FIG. 25, theschedule fragment, the content fragment, the purchase item fragment, andthe access fragment may refer to the service fragment. And, the schedulefragment may refer the service fragment and the content fragment. Thenumbers shown above each arrow in FIG. 25 respectively indicate theavailable number of lower-level unit information. Also, these numbersindicate the available number of fragments.

The essential fragments among the above-mentioned fragments will now bedescribed in detail.

The service fragment includes information on a service provided to auser (e.g., information on a service such as a conventional televisionchannel).

The content fragment includes metadata on the corresponding content. Forexample, a content type, such as A/V data, text data, image data, may beincluded in the content fragment.

The schedule fragment includes schedule information on a single contentwithin the provided service. For example, a broadcast time of thecorresponding content may correspond to the schedule information.

The purchase item fragment includes item information associated withpurchasing.

The purchase data fragment includes information associated with thepurchase of a service, which may be purchased by the user. The purchasechannel fragment indicates an interface used by the user or a terminalin order to communicate with a purchase system. The purchase channelfragment includes one of a parameter associated with the purchase systemand information on managing a purchase channel.

The access fragment includes information associated with accessing aservice or content.

Meanwhile, the SG and the SMT may provide overlapping signalinginformation. For example, information on Channel 11 may be providedthrough the SMT and may also be provided through the SG. In this case,no problem occurs when the information on Channel 11 provided throughthe SMT is identical to the information on Channel 11 provided throughthe SD. However, a conflict may occur when unidentical information issimultaneously provided to Channel 11. According to an embodiment of thepresent invention, in order to prevent such conflict from occurring,when the signaling information provided through the SMT overlap with thesignaling information provided through the SG, the signaling informationprovided through the SG is replaced with the signaling informationprovided through the SMT. In other words, priority is given to thesignaling information provided through the SMT.

Additionally, it is determined whether or not signaling informationoverlap. Then, in order to process the signaling information based uponthe determined result, a method for mapping the first signalinginformation provided through the SMT and the second signalinginformation provided through the SG is required.

FIG. 26 illustrates a block showing an exemplary structure of thedigital broadcast receiving system required for mapping first signalinginformation and second signaling information.

In order to map the first signaling information and the second signalinginformation according to the present invention, the SI handler 240 shownin FIG. 1 includes an SMT binary parser 241 and an SMT converter 242.The ESG handler 270 may include an SG XML parser 271. In the descriptionof the present invention, a binary type is referred to as a first datatype, and an XML type is referred to as a second data type, forsimplicity.

When the SMT is encapsulated to an IP datagram, the IP network 220performs IP and UDP processes on the SMT sections, and then outputs theprocessed SMT sections to the SI handler 240. At this point, each SMTsection is inputted to the SMT binary parser 241 of the SI handler 240as a binary type SMT section. Then, the SMT binary parser 241 parses thebinary type SMT section so as to acquire the first signalinginformation. Thereafter, the SMT binary parser 241 either stores theacquired first signaling information in the storage unit 290 or outputsthe acquired first signaling information to the SMT converter 242.

The SMT converter 242 receives the binary type first signalinginformation from the SMT binary parser 241 or the storage unit 290, soas to convert the received binary type first signaling information to anXML type first signaling information, thereby outputting the convertedXML type first signaling information to the SG XML parser 271 of the ESGhandler 270.

More specifically, the SMT converter 242 converts the binary type firstsignaling information (i.e., data elements) to the XML type signalinginformation in order to maintain a mapping consistency with the secondsignaling information of the SG. At this point, according to anembodiment of the present invention, the SMT converter 242 merges someof the identifiers within the first signaling information and convertsthe merged identifiers to an XML type, thereby outputting the convertedXML type identifiers to the SG XML parser 271 of the ESG handler 270.

For example, transport_stream_id and service_id values within the SMTsection are merged, so as to be converted to an anyURI type having thesame value as a globalServicelD value of the SG, thereby being outputtedto the SG XML parser 271. In another example, the transport_stream_idvalue and the event_id values of both the current_event_descriptor andthe next_event_descriptor within the SMT section are merged, so as to beconverted to an anyURI type having the same value as a globalServiceIDvalue of the SG, thereby being outputted to the SG XML parser 271.

FIG. 27 illustrates a conceptual view showing the process steps formerging identification information of a binary type SMT, converting thebinary type SMT to an XML type SMT, and searching for SG fragments. Morespecifically, the SMT converter 242 merges a binary type 16-bittransport_stream_id within a header of the inputted SMT section and abinary type 16-bit service_id within a virtual channel loop of the SMTsection. Then, the SMT converter 242 converts the merged identifiers toXML type identifiers (i.e., anyURI type identifiers). For example, thetransport_stream_id and the service_id are merged, as shown in FIG. 28.Then, when the merged value is converted to the anyURI type, i.e., tourl:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><service_id>, the converted valuebecomes a service identifier value of the SG (i.e., a globalServiceIDvalue). In the description of the present invention, theurl:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><service_id> will be referred to firstservice identification information, and the globalServiceID of the SGwill be referred to second service identification information, forsimplicity.

Also, the SMT converter 242 merges a binary type 16-bittransport_stream_id within a header of the inputted SMT section and abinary type 16-bit service_id of the MH_current_event_descriptor( )(shown in FIG. 20) (or the MH_next_event_descriptor( ) (shown in FIG.21)) within a virtual channel loop of the SMT section. Then, the SMTconverter 242 converts the merged identifiers to XML type identifiers(i.e., anyURI type identifiers). For example, as shown in FIG. 29, whenthe transport_stream_id and the event_id are merged, and the mergedvalue is converted to an anyURI type, i.e., tourl:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><event_id>, the converted value becomesan event identifier value of the SG (i.e., a globalContentID value ofthe content guide included in the SG). In the description of the presentinvention, the url:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><event_id> will bereferred to first event identification information, and theglobalContentID of the SG will be referred to second eventidentification information, for simplicity.

The SG XML parser 271 of the ESG handler 270 receives XML type secondsignaling information through the file handler 250, and receives XMLtype first signaling information from the SMT converter 242 of the SIhandler 240. Thereafter, the SG XML parser 271 maps both types ofinformation. For example, the SG XML parser 271 uses the first serviceidentification information converted to an XML format and inputted fromthe SMT converter 242, so as to search a service fragment and a contentfragment. Thereafter, the SG XML parser 271 determines whether or notthe data elements received through the searched service fragment andcontent fragment overlap with the data elements of the SMT converted tothe XML type by the SMT converter 242. If the SG XML parser 271determines that the data elements overlap, the data elements receivedthrough the searched service fragment and content fragment are replacedby the data elements received through the SMT and converted to XML typedata elements, thereby being stored in the storage unit 290.

However, among the overlapping information, if the information of theservice fragment and content fragment carries the same informationcontent, and if the content of the information of the service fragmentand content fragment is richer, the data elements received through theservice fragment and content fragment are not replaced by the dataelements received through the SMT and converted to XML type dataelements. In other words, the data elements received through the servicefragment and content fragment are stored in the storage unit 290.

Additionally, the SG XML parser 271 searches for an access fragmentreferring to the service fragment having the first signalinginformation, which is converted to an XML format and received from theSMT converter 242. Thereafter, the SG XML parser 271 determines whetheror not data elements received through the searched access fragmentoverlap with the data elements of the SMT converted to the XML type bythe SMT converter 242. If the SG XML parser 271 determines that the dataelements overlap, the data elements received through the access fragmentare replaced by the data elements received through the SMT and convertedto XML type data elements, thereby being stored in the storage unit 290.However, among the overlapping information, if the information of theaccess fragment carries the same information content, and if the contentof the information of the access fragment is richer, the data elementsreceived through the access fragment are not replaced by the dataelements received through the SMT and converted to XML type dataelements. In other words, the data elements received through the accessfragment are stored in the storage unit 290.

Furthermore, the SG XML parser 271 searches for a service fragmenthaving the first service identification information converted to an XMLformat and received from the SMT converter 242 and a schedule fragmentreferring to a content fragment having a first event identificationinformation. Then, the SG XML parser 271 determines whether the dataelements received through the searched schedule fragment overlap withthe data elements of the SMT converted to an XML format from the SMTconverter 242. Then, if the SG XML parser 271 determines that the dataelements overlap, the data elements received through the schedulefragment are replaced by the data elements received through the SMT andconverted to XML type data elements, thereby being stored in the storageunit 290. However, among the overlapping information, if the informationof the schedule fragment carries the same information content, and ifthe content of the information of the schedule fragment is richer, thedata elements received through the schedule fragment are not replaced bythe data elements received through the SMT and converted to XML typedata elements. In other words, the data elements received through theschedule fragment are stored in the storage unit 290.

AS described above, the present invention uses the transport_stream_id,service_id, and event_id of the SMT so as to generate XML type firstservice identification information and first event identificationinformation. Then, the present uses such information to reconstruct aservice fragment, an access fragment, and a content fragment of the SG.Herein, the first service identification is matched with theglobalServiceID (i.e., second service identification information) of theSG, and the first event identification is matched with theglobalContentID (i.e., second event identification information) of theSG.

FIG. 30 illustrates a flow chart showing the process steps of a methodfor mapping signaling information of an SG by using identificationinformation of an XML type SMT according to the present invention. Morespecifically, the IP network stack 220 opens an IP socket in order toreceive the SMT (S701). According to an embodiment of the presentinvention, the SMT carrying a target IP address and a target UDP portnumber on the IP datagram is encapsulated to IP/UDP. More specifically,the SMT is segmented into a predetermined number of segments. Then, thesegmented SMT is encapsulated to a UDP header and subsequentlyencapsulated to an UDP header. At this point, each of the IP address andthe UDP port number uses a well-known value, so that the digitalbroadcast receiving system can receive the SMT section without havinguse separate IP access information. In other words, by allowing thereceiving system to be informed of the target IP address and the targetUDP port number, the IP network stack 220 configures (or constructs) anSMT section by collecting (or grouping) IP datagrams including an SMTsection within the corresponding ensemble without requesting anyseparate information (S702).

The SMT binary parser 241 of the SI handler 240 parses fields anddescriptors of the inputted SMT section. Then, the SMT binary parser 241either stores the parsed result into the storage unit 290 or outputs theparsed result to the SMT converter 242 (S703). The SMT converter 242receives binary type first signaling information from one of the storageunit 290 and the SMT binary parser 241 through the SMT. Then, the SMTconverter 242 converts the received binary type first signalinginformation to an XML type, which is then outputted to the SG XML parser271 of the ESG handler 270. When converting the binary type signalinginformation to XML type information, the SMT converter 242 merges someof the identification information and converts the merged identificationinformation to anyURI type information, so as to be used as theidentification information of the SG.

For example, the transport_stream_id and the service_id are merged.Then, the merged value is converted to the anyURI type, i.e., tourl:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><service_id> (also referred to a firstservice identification information), thereby being matched with aglobalServiceID value, which is the service identifier value of the SG(S704). Additionally, the transport_stream_id and the event_id aremerged. Then, the merged value is converted to the anyURI type, i.e., tourl:://atsc/<transport_stream_id><event_id> (also referred to a firstevent_identification information), thereby being matched with aglobalContentID value of a content guide included in the SG, which isthe event identifier value of the SG (S705). Subsequently, data elementssuch as channel configuration information and IP access informationwithin the SMT are converted to XML type data elements (S706).

As described above, the first service identification information, thefirst event identification information, and data elements, which areconverted to an XML format, are outputted to the SG XML parser 271 ofthe ESG handler 270. The SG XML parser 271 uses the first serviceidentification information and the first event identificationinformation so as to search at least one of the multiple fragmentsincluded in the SG. Then, the SG XML parser 271 determines whether ornot the data elements received through the searched fragment overlapwith the data elements provided through the SMT and converted to an XMLformat. Thereafter, when it is verified that the data elements overlap,the data elements received through the searched fragment are replacedwith the data elements provided through the SMT and converted to an XMLformat.

For example, the first service identification information providedthrough the SMT and converted to an XML format is used to search aservice fragment (S707). Then, it is determined whether or not the dataelements received through the service fragment overlap with the dataelements provided through the SMT and converted to an XML format.Subsequently, when it is determined and verified that the data elementsoverlap, the data elements received through the service fragment arereplaced with the data elements provided through the SMT and convertedto an XML format (S708). Additionally, the SG XML parser 271 searchesfor an access fragment, which refers to a service fragment including thefirst service identification information. Then, it is determined whetheror not the data elements received through the access fragment overlapwith the data elements provided through the SMT and converted to an XMLformat. Subsequently, when it is determined and verified that the dataelements overlap, the data elements received through the access fragmentare replaced with the data elements provided through the SMT andconverted to an XML format (S709).

Thereafter, the SG XML parser 271 searches for a content fragment usingfirst ensemble identification information provided through the SMT andconverted to an XML format (S710). Then, it is determined whether or notthe data elements received through the content fragment overlap with thedata elements provided through the SMT and converted to an XML format.Subsequently, when it is determined and verified that the data elementsoverlap, the data elements received through the content fragment arereplaced with the data elements provided through the SMT and convertedto an XML format (S711).

Furthermore, the SG XML parser 271 searches for a schedule fragment,which refers to a service fragment including first serviceidentification information and a content fragment including first eventidentification information provided through the SMT and converted to anXML format. Then, it is determined whether or not the data elementsreceived through the searched schedule fragment overlap with the SMTdata elements provided through the SMT and converted to an XML format.Subsequently, when it is determined and verified that the data elementsoverlap, the data elements received through the schedule fragment arereplaced with the data elements provided through the SMT and convertedto an XML format (S712).

The data elements replaced in step 707 to step 712 are stored in thestorage unit 290 (S713). However, when it is verified in any one of step707 to step 712 that non-overlapping signaling information exists, theverified non-overlapping signaling information is directly stored in thestorage unit 290 without being replaced. For example, when informationon Channel 11 is simultaneously provided through the SMT and the SG,only the information provided through the SMT is stored in the storageunit 290. In another example, when information on Channel 11 issimultaneously provided through the SMT and the SG, and if theinformation provided through the SG is richer in content, theinformation on Channel 11 provided through the SG may be stored in thestorage unit 290. In yet another example, when information on Channel 11is provided through the SMT, and when information on Channel 12 isprovided through the SG, both information are stored in the storage unit290.

As described above, the digital broadcasting system and the dataprocessing method according to the present invention have the followingadvantages. By converting binary type data elements provided through aservice map table (SMT) into an XML format, and by mapping the converteddata elements provided through the SMT with data elements providedthrough a service guide (SG) in an XML format, consistency in thesignaling information may be maintained. Furthermore, by using theidentification information provided through the SMT, the presentinvention searches for at least one fragment among a plurality offragments of the service guide (SG). Then, when it is determined thatthe data elements received through the searched fragment overlap withthe data elements received through the SMT and converted to an XMLformat, the data elements received through the searched fragment of theSG are replaced with the data elements received through the SMT andconverted to an XML format. Thus, conflict in signaling information canbe prevented.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made in the present inventionwithout departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. Thus, itis intended that the present invention covers the modifications andvariations of this invention provided they come within the scope of theappended claims and their equivalents.

1. A method of processing data for a receiver, the method comprising:receiving a broadcast signal comprising a transmission frame, wherein atime interval of the transmission frame is divided into a plurality ofsub-frames, wherein a parade of groups in the broadcast signal isreceived during slots within the transmission frame, the slots beingbasic time periods for multiplexing mobile service data and main servicedata, and wherein each group includes the mobile service data, a portionof fast information channel (FIC) data including channel bindinginformation between a mobile service and an ensemble and transmissionparameter channel (TPC) data including FIC version information forindicating an update of the FIC data and a total number of groups to betransmitted during one sub-frame for the transmission frame;demodulating the broadcast signal; building a Reed-Solomon (RS) frameincluding the mobile service data in the demodulated broadcast signaland correcting at least one error in the RS frame, the RS framebelonging to the ensemble which is identified by an ensemble identifier;acquiring first signaling information having a specific type from theensemble, the first signaling information including access informationof the mobile service data; and accessing to the mobile service databased on the access information of the mobile service data.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the specific type corresponds to a binarytype.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signaling informationcomprises a service map table (SMT).
 4. The method of claim 1, whereinthe RS frame comprises a plurality of mobile and handheld (MH) transportpackets, each MH transport packet having an M byte header and an N-Mbyte payload, the payload including an IP (Internet Protocol) datagramof the mobile service data, wherein M is smaller than N.
 5. The methodof claim 1, further comprising: detecting position information of aplurality of known data sequences from the broadcast signal; andchannel-equalizing the demodulated broadcast signal based on at leastone of the detected position information of the plurality of known datasequences.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein at least two of theplurality of known data sequences have different lengths.
 7. The methodof claim 5, wherein the TPC data and the FIC data are inserted between afirst known data sequence and a second known data sequence of theplurality of known data sequences.
 8. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving second signaling information having a specificformat; and mapping fields of the first signaling information toelements of the second signaling information through converting fieldsof the specific type of the first signaling information into elements ofthe specific format.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the specificformat corresponds to an extensible markup language (XML) format. 10.The method of claim 8, further comprising controlling taking precedenceto the first signaling information over the second signaling informationwhen an element included in the first signaling information is differentfrom a corresponding element included in the second signalinginformation.
 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising storing anelement included in the first signaling information when the elementincluded in the first signaling information is different from acorresponding element included in the second signaling information. 12.The method of claim 11, wherein storing the element included in thefirst signaling information comprises updating a pre-stored element withthe element of the first signaling information when the element of thefirst signaling information is different from the pre-stored element.13. The method of claim 8, wherein the second signaling informationcomprises a service guide (SG) including at least one fragment.
 14. Areceiver comprising: a receiving unit for receiving a broadcast signalcomprising a transmission frame, wherein a time interval of thetransmission frame is divided into a plurality of sub-frames, wherein aparade of groups in the broadcast signal is received during slots withinthe transmission frame, the slots being basic time periods formultiplexing mobile service data and main service data, and wherein eachgroup includes the mobile service data, a portion of fast informationchannel (FIC) data including channel binding information between amobile service and an ensemble and transmission parameter channel (TPC)data including FIC version information for indicating an update of theFIC data and a total number of groups to be transmitted during onesub-frame for the transmission frame; a demodulator for demodulating thebroadcast signal; an RS frame decoder for building an RS frame includingthe mobile service data in the demodulated broadcast signal andcorrecting at least one error in the RS frame, the RS frame belonging tothe ensemble which is identified by an ensemble identifier a firsthandler for acquiring first signaling information having a specific typefrom the ensemble, the first signaling information including accessinformation of the mobile service data; and a second handler foraccessing to the mobile service data based on the access information ofthe mobile service data.
 15. The receiver of claim 14, wherein thespecific type corresponds to a binary type.
 16. The receiver of claim14, wherein the first signaling information comprises a service maptable (SMT).
 17. The receiver of claim 14, wherein the RS framecomprises a plurality of mobile and handheld (MH) transport packets,each MH transport packet having an M byte header and an N-M bytepayload, the payload including an IP (Internet Protocol) datagram of themobile service data, wherein M is smaller than N.
 18. The receiver ofclaim 14, further comprising: a known data detector for detectingposition information of a plurality of known data sequences from thebroadcast signal; and a channel equalizer for channel-equalizing thedemodulated broadcast signal based on at least one of the detectedposition information of the plurality of known data sequences.
 19. Thereceiver of claim 18, wherein at least two of the plurality of knowndata sequences have different lengths.
 20. The receiver of claim 18,wherein the TPC data and the FIC data are inserted between a first knowndata sequence and a second known data sequence of the plurality of knowndata sequences.
 21. The receiver of claim 14, further comprising: athird handler for receiving second signaling information having aspecific format; and a fourth handler for mapping fields of the firstsignaling information to elements of the second signaling informationthrough converting fields of the specific type of the first signalinginformation into elements of the specific format.
 22. The receiver ofclaim 21, wherein the specific format corresponds to an extensiblemarkup language (XML) format.
 23. The receiver of claim 21, wherein thefourth handler controls taking precedence to the first signalinginformation over the second signaling information when an elementincluded in the first signaling information is different from acorresponding element included in the second signaling information. 24.The receiver of claim 21, further comprising a storing unit for storingan element included in the first signaling information when the elementincluded in the first signaling information is different from acorresponding element included in the second signaling information. 25.The receiver of claim 24, wherein the fourth handler updates apre-stored element with the element of the first signaling informationwhen the element of the first signaling information is different fromthe pre-stored element.
 26. The receiver of claim 21, wherein the secondsignaling information comprises a service guide (SG) including at leastone fragment.